The sharp reversal in the electoral fortunes of Austria's FPÖ in November 2002 should not blind observers to the fact that recent elections in France, Denmark, Norway, and the Netherlands all saw parties of the extreme right consolidate their position in the political landscape. Several member States of the European Union have witnessed in their midst a recent convergence of an old radical Western-European right wing with various forms of contemporary populism around certain themes traditionally dear to the extreme right: anti-immigration; crime and feelings of insecurity that feed authoritarian tendencies; a hybrid economic platform advocating free markets but protecting national social systems; and an exploitation of all possible forms of...